What does Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS) require from the Remote Pilot in Command?

Visual Line-of-Sight (VLOS) requires that the Remote Pilot in Command can maintain unaided visual contact with the unmanned aircraft (UA) throughout the duration of the flight. This means that the pilot must be able to see the aircraft directly without the use of any technological aids, such as binoculars or video feeds from the cockpit. The rationale behind this requirement is to ensure that the pilot can effectively monitor the aircraft's position, orientation, and surroundings to maintain safe operation and avoid collisions with obstacles or other aircraft.

The essence of VLOS is grounded in situational awareness, which is critical for the safe operation of the UA. By relying on unaided vision, the pilot can react promptly to changing conditions and ensure compliance with regulations that promote safety in the airspace.

In contrast, the other choices highlight aspects that do not fulfill the requirement of VLOS. For example, flying within certain distances from obstacles or depending on communication with ground control does not guarantee that the pilot can visually track the UA without assistance. Similarly, relying on binoculars or monitors goes against the fundamental principle of VLOS, as it does not allow for direct, unaided visibility, which is crucial for effective piloting and airspace safety.